Real-Time Simulation of Microgrids with Fast-Charging Stations and Grid-Forming Inverters

A present challenge is the engineering of inverter-based resources (IBRs) and fast-charging stations (FCS) for electric vehicles (EVs) to cooperate when forming a microgrid. During low irradiance events, microgrids with solar-photovoltaic IBRs constrain power generation to satisfy the demand. Meanwhile, EVs connected to FCSs can withdraw constant power and cause voltage and frequency regulation problems. This paper sets forth a control strategy that makes the FCSs and EVs sensitive to ac voltage and frequency variations. This controller is tested via real-time simulations within an electromagnetic transient model of a microgrid containing grid-forming IBRs that power motor loads, unbalanced loads, and FCSs with EVs.