DISTRIBUTED GENERATION: SYNCHRONIZATION WITH THE GRID AND THE PROBLEM OF ISLANDING IN THE CONTEXT OF THE GROWING SUPPLY OF WIND AND SOLAR ENERGY IN BRAZIL

Some renewable sources, such as wind and solar power, have beenexpanding rapidly in Brazil. The new type of distributed generation (DG) depends onelectronic converters for connection to the distribution network, and on anti-islandingsafety systems. Fouling occurs when the main generators on the grid go out ofoperation and the DG remains connected to the grid, causing risks to the unit,consumer loads and the grid. The objectives of this work are to implement the DGscheme in Matlab/simulink for a microgrid system, and to simulate islandingscenarios in situations of percentage variations in load consumption, in order toanalyze DG voltage and frequency. Synchronization with the 230 V grid took lessthan 40 ms, with distortions of less than 2.5%. The stipulated meters deliveredadequate voltage and frequency signals, with detection in just under 10 ms after theislanding.