Istmocele: frecuencia y factores predisponentes en pacientes sometidas a cesárea segmentaria

Objective: To determine the frequency of isthmocele and predisposing factors in patients undergoing segmental cesarean section. Method: A cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study was carried out in patients living in the city of Merida who underwent segmental cesarean section at the Instituto Autonomo Hospital Universitario de Los Andes in 2018 who underwent pelvic ultrasound and hysteroscopy. Results: A sample of 32 patients was obtained. Of the total sample, 20 patients reported isthmocele by ultrasound and 23 by hysteroscopy. 28.1% of these were associated with grade II. Hysterorrhaphy was performed in 2 planes in 96.9 % of the patients. Plane 2 with invaginating stitches was associated with isthmocele in 100% of cases. Conclusion: the history of previous cesarean sections, the surgical technique used, labor and multiparity are risk factors to consider for the development of isthmocele. This study demonstrates good correlation between the results, showing that hysteroscopy is the optimal study to diagnose isthmocele, however, ultrasound also reports a sensitivity and specificity of 78 %. The frequency of isthmocele was 63 % by ultrasound and 72 % by hysteroscopy. Keywords: Isthmocele, Frequency, Ultrasound, Hysteroscopy, Cesarean section.