A Study on Security Management System of Massive Citizen Participation Event

The private security sector, which provides security, order, safety and security activities at the request of beneficiaries (clients) to prevent criminal damage, has been proposed as a promising way to overcome the limitations of the police force. Although about 50 years have passed since the establishment of the security industry, the question of what caused the growth of the security industry is necessary to identify the foothold on which the current security industry has grown. To answer the research question, this study conducts an empirical analysis of how the Korean security industry can be explained by the growth theories and characteristics of the private security industry based on economic reductionism, communization theory, and interest group theory, which are currently presented as theories of the growth of the private security industry. Based on the national statistical data from 1976 to 2023, when the Service Security Industry Act, the parent law of the Security Industry Act, was enacted, we set up hypotheses on the causes and effects of the quantitative growth of the security industry by setting the representative variables explained by each theory as follows, and conducted correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis among the variables, and found that the unemployment rate, police force, and number of crimes do not affect the growth of the private security industry. Based on the results, it can be said that the representative growth theories of the private security industry (economic reductionism, communization theory, and interest group theory) are somewhat unfounded when applied to the Korean private security market. In particular, the economic reduction theory is based on empirical facts in the United States in the 1960s and 70s and lacks a theoretical basis, and the communization theory is based on cultural and legal restrictions, regulations, and lack of authority in Korea, which means that private security cannot take over the role of public security. In addition, the interest group theory is based on the theory that private security grows naturally with the demand for security (profit), but it is not simply that the demand increases as the number of crimes increases, but it requires the analysis of other factors such as personal experiences and situations such as income level and experience of crime victimization. Therefore, further research should be conducted to explore the factors of private security growth.