The Origin and Evolution of Ancient Myths in China and Greece: From a Perspective of Marxist

This study explores the origins and evolution of ancient myths in China and ancient Greece, adopting a Marxist perspective, as well as their relationship with modes of production. The findings indicate that ancient myths were deeply influenced by geographical environments, social structures, and material production methods, exhibiting diverse forms and cultural connotations. Chinese myths evolved from totem worship to the myth of the emperors, and eventually to social ethics, reflecting the stability of agricultural civilization and the transformation of myths into tools of governance. In contrast, ancient Greek myths embody the adventurous spirit of maritime civilizations and the historical shifts in religious beliefs. Through a comparative analysis of myths, this study reveals how myths, as tools of ideology, were produced, transmitted, and transformed across different social formations.