A study on current trends of antibacterial resistance pattern in a tertiary care hospital of Southern Odisha

ABSTRACT Background: Antimicrobial resistance has assumed a global threat in worldwide. Due to unnecessary antibiotic use, there is an increase in the number of multidrug resistant organisms (MDRO). Hence, the present study is to know the antibacterial resistance pattern of microorganisms. Aims and Objective: The study estimates the prevalence of MDRO and the spectrum of clinical infections caused by these organisms in different wards of a tertiary care hospital in southern Odisha. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted by collecting all relevant data pertaining to the various clinical samples and their isolated bacterial culture along with their antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance pattern from microbiology record section. Results: Out of 706 cultures, urinary tract infection (UTI) was the most common infection (46.74%), followed by respiratory tract infection (RTI) which was about 25.92%. 42.20% of culture isolates showed multidrug resistance (MDR) pattern, whereas 23.79% of isolates showed possible extremely drug resistance pattern. Escherichia coli was the most common cause of UTI, and Staphylococcus aureus was the most commonly isolated pathogen causing RTI. Most of the organisms were susceptible to higher antibiotics only. Conclusion: The study concludes that irrational use of antibiotics leads to emergence of MDR organisms.