A dataset of three vine water status indicators, weather records and soil available water capacity components collected from a rain-fed Mediterranean vineyard

This dataset contains three key indicators of vine water status: vine shoot growth index (iG-Apex), predawn leaf water potential (Ψpd), and carbon isotope ratio (δ13C). Additionally, it includes weather data and soil measurements. Spatial data files of studied fields, plots, and some vines' locations are also provided. The data were collected from a rain-fed vineyard in Southern France, 4 km north of the Mediterranean Sea. Measurements were made at the plot level, with each plot consisting of 10 adjacent grapevines (Vitis Vinifera). The iG-Apex was recorded weekly from June 10 to August 22, 2022, across 70 vine plots. Ψpd was measured weekly between 3 a.m. and 5 a.m. in 12 of these plots using a pressure chamber. On August 23, 2022, 100 berries were sampled from each plot, and 1.5 mL of grape juice was extracted for δ13C analysis using a carbon analyzer and mass spectrometer. The dataset contains 761 iG-Apex measurements (70 time series), 720 Ψpd measurements (60 time series), and 70 single-date δ13C measurements. Weather data were recorded daily in 2022 from a weather station located at the vineyard's center, providing five parameters: cumulative rainfall, relative humidity, and three air temperatures (mean, minimum, and maximum). Soil available water capacity components (horizon thickness, field capacity, permanent wilting point, bulk density, and rock fragment content) were measured in 5 of the 70 plots after prior soil profile wall analyses. Monitoring vine water status is essential for optimizing grape yield and wine quality. While Ψpd and δ13C are considered reference methods, they are expensive and prone to logistical constrains. In contrast, iG-Apex can be collected with minimal time and financial investment. This dataset enables not only the exploration of statistical relationships between the plant-based and soil-based indicators, but also the modeling of Ψpd and/or δ13C using iG-Apex, while accounting for weather and soil influences. All data were georeferenced, allowing future integration of ancillary spatial data sources, like multi-spectral remote sensing images or yield data.