Yeni Ekonomik Coğrafya Perspektifinden İhracat Yoğunlaşması: Avrupa Birliği Örneği

Purpose: To investigate the existence of export concentration in the European Union and to assess its explainability from the perspective of New Economic Geography. The study aims to examine why and how exports are concentrated and the economic and geographical factors affecting this process.Methodology: Within the framework of the New Economic Geography theoretical background, export concentration for the period 2005-2019 is analyzed using Static and Dynamic Panel Data methods for 20 European Union countries. Export concentration was calculated with the location coefficient and then analyzed with New Economic Geography components. Findings: The New Economic Geography components significantly explain export concentration in the European Union. While labor productivity and knowledge externalities in the region positively affect export concentration, exchange rates, economies of scale, distance and average wage negatively affect export concentration.Originality: While studies in the literature address agglomeration as export performance or sector concentration, this study investigates the ability of the theoretical background of export concentration in the European Union and New Economic Geography to explain this phenomenon.