Commodity Structure of Exports: Justification of the Principles and Consequences of its Formation for Ukraine in the Context of Global Challenges

The work investigates the commodity structure of exports, substantiates the principles and consequences of its formation, and identifies ways for Ukraine to transform its export policy in the face of global challenges. Porter's model, the theory of the "technological gap", "Center and Periphery", the paradigm of "flying geese", etc. are considered in substantiating the principles of forming the commodity structure of exports. Having analyzed statistical data on the state and structure of the commodity structure of exports in Ukraine, it was established both the negative consequences of a low level of "economic complexity" (we give a model), Dutch disease (model), "impoverished growth" (dependence of GDP on world prices, bad impact on GDP due to a low share of added value), and which types of economic activity are the most attractive for exports and require investment in innovative technologies. The predicted values of the volume of exports of goods and services are calculated and their values are obtained. The results obtained indicate a significant improvement in export activity indicators.