Influence of Organic Mulching on Soil Thermoregulation in the Tocantina Region of Maranhão

Objective: This study investigates the influence of organic mulching on soil thermoregulation in the Tocantina Region of Maranhão, evaluating its thermal effects and implications for the sustainable management of agricultural production. Theoretical Framework: The research discusses the benefits of mulching for sustainable agriculture, such as thermal regulation, moisture conservation, and soil biological activity, providing a solid foundation for the study. Methodology: The experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Sciences Center of UEMASUL, using two 1 m² plots: one covered with straw mulch and the other uncovered (control). Soil temperature measurements were taken at depths of 2.5 cm and 7.5 cm using a digital thermometer, with data collected every 5 minutes between 2:00 p.m. and 3:00 p.m. Results and Discussion: Organic mulch significantly reduced soil temperature, with an average of 36.13°C in covered areas compared to 48.09°C in uncovered ones. Depth also influenced temperature, with the mulch showing a more pronounced effect. These findings were contextualized within the theoretical framework, highlighting practical implications and study limitations. Implications: The research provides insights into agricultural management practices, emphasizing thermal efficiency, water conservation, increased productivity in tropical climates, sustainability, and adaptation to climate change. Originality/Value: This study contributes by exploring soil thermoregulation through organic mulching in a tropical region, promoting low-cost agricultural practices relevant to family farming and mitigating high temperatures.