Modeling and Analysis of Photovoltaic Panel, Battery and Supercapacitor System

In the present study, a hybrid system modeling consisting of a photovoltaic (PV) panel, battery, supercapacitor, DC-DC converter, and 1 kW load is discussed. Incremental conductance (INC) algorithm is used for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and the fast response capability of this algorithm enables PV panels to produce maximum power under variable conditions. The simulation study of the hybrid system is carried out in a MATLAB/SIMULINK environment and the power profile of the PV panel, battery, and load is examined. Voltage, current, and charge characteristic curves of the battery and supercapacitor are examined. Simulation results show that a hybrid storage system responds quickly to sudden load changes and thus increases system performance significantly. This study has revealed that hybrid PV panel-battery-supercapacitor systems offer a potential solution to improve energy storage efficiency.