Hybrid Method for the Coupling Effect Analysis of Strong Electromagnetic Pulse on the GSM - R Antenna of High-Speed Train

Large mesh divisions and low computational efficiency are encountered when traditional full-wave algorithms are used to simulate the coupling effects of strong electromagnetic pulse (EMP) to the antennas of high-speed train (HST). An efficient time domain-frequency domain hybrid algorithm for the rapid prediction of strong EMP to the Global System for Mobile Communications-Railway (GSM-R) antenna of HST is proposed, which consists of the reciprocity theorem, large-scale parallel Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) algorithm, subgridding technique and automatic mesh generator technique. Firstly, an equivalent antenna having the same performance with the GSM-R antenna is designed. Secondly, rapid computation of the radiation electric fields of the GSM - R equivalent antenna is achieved by using the large-scale parallel FDTD algorithm combining with the subgridding and automatic mesh generator techniques. Finally, an equivalent circuit of the GSM-R antenna is constructed, and the reciprocity theorem is applied to quickly calculate the voltage response at the antenna port. To verify the correctness and efficiency, the coupling results of the GSM - R antenna radiated by the NEMP are compared with that of the CST Microwave Studio.