Task Planning for Hybrid Space-Ground Debris Removal Based on Simulated Annealing Algorithm

The research investigated the task planning problem of space debris removal in Space-Ground mixed zones using multiservice satellites based on the simulated annealing algorithm. The optimization algorithm module of the self-developed SpaceSim software at Harbin Institute of Technology's School of Astronautics was utilized to compute the trajectory adjustment velocity pulses for the service satellites and to display the orbital maneuvering process directly within the software, resulting in clear optimization outcomes for the debris removal tasks. For scenarios involving satellite disintegration, the simulated annealing algorithm optimized the multi-orbit Lambert algorithm to determine the required velocity pulse magnitude for each service satellite to clear each target space debris. This process established a velocity pulse matrix, which was further processed using dynamic programming algorithms. In cases where specific space debris positions posed challenges, an emergency satellite launch method was employed to facilitate debris removal at target locations.