Optimization Method of Low Sidelobe Multi-Beam Leaky Wave Antennas Using Discrete Dipole Approximation

This article proposes a discrete dipole approximation (DDA) for optimizing multi-beam leaky wave antennas. The radiation pattern of typical leaky wave antennas can be accurately represented by the proposed DDA. On the basis, the optimization method based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) is also employed to work in conjunction with DDA to optimize the antenna pattern. As a proof of concept, dual-beam antenna and three-beam antenna can be obtained quickly and accurately by the proposed method. More importantly, satisfactory antenna sidelobe performance less than -15dB is obtained at the operating frequency of 5.8 GHz.