An Overview of Utilizing Regenerative Braking Energy from Rail Transit Vehicles for Charging Electric Vehicles

The adoption of electric vehicles has been rapidly increasing in recent years due to technological advancements, environmental concerns, and geopolitical factors in the energy sector. However, one of the most significant challenges to the widespread deployment of electric vehicles is the difficulty in managing the impact of their charging requirements and fluctuating electricity demand on power systems, as well as meeting the growing energy demand. The expansion of rail-based public transportation has also become inevitable, particularly in densely populated metropolitan areas. Integrating electric vehicle charging stations into existing transportation infrastructure enables rail transit systems to accommodate the demand for charging power. Moreover, the integration of renewable energy sources in parking areas facilitates the development of various energy management strategies. Recent studies have focused on developing strategies for the optimal management of electric vehicle charging demand and the uncertainties associated with renewable energy production. This paper examines examples of the implementation of storage systems and electric vehicle charging stations integrated into rail transportation infrastructure and explores how these models have been addressed in different studies.