A High-Gain Planar Electronically Beam Scanning Antenna in Ku-Band

Modern communication systems have a strong demand for antennas with high gain, low cost, and beam scanning capabilities. This paper presents the design of a high-gain electronically scanned planar array antenna. Compared to the parallel-fed method of traditional electronically scanned arrays, this array employs a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) series-fed network, which simplifies the fed network complexity and reduces the length of the transmission line, thereby decreasing transmission loss. The array consists of 256 elements, formed by 16 series-fed sub-arrays with high radiation efficiency. Each sub-array integrates a 2-bit digital phase shifter, enabling one-dimensional beam scanning. Simulation results confirm that the array achieves a maximum realized gain of 23.5 dBi at 12 GHz, with a maximum radiation efficiency of 45.9%, and a beam scanning range of ±60° in the H-plane.