Analysis of Over-the-Horizon Transmission in Real Land-Sea Junction Regions with Ducting

Stable and persistent atmospheric ducting over land can potentially disrupt normal transmission and reception in TDD systems, causing long-distance interference between cities. Due to the evaporative effects, stable ducting structures are almost always present over the sea, which can impact base station communications in coastal cities. This paper determines the occurrence of ducting through meteorological station data in coastal cities and uses the WRF numerical model to simulate the ducting coverage in the coastal area around these meteorological stations. We select a coastal urban area for long-distance ducting communication analysis. The sea surface is generated based on real marine meteorological data, and the selected area's land cover type follows the IGBP global vegetation classification scheme. Considering the dielectric constant of the land cover, we analyze the long-distance ducting transmission in the land-sea interface links and compare the results with AREPS simulations.