Fracture Detection with Different Antenna Arrays

Fractures or injuries occurring in bones negatively impact daily life and activities. Fractures or injuries are frequently observed in bones located close to the skin surface, which necessitates rapid detection and accurate treatment. This study focuses on methods for quickly and easily detecting fractures in bones close to the surface, such as the tibia. A Vivaldi antenna operating in the high-frequency range of 10.5�13.5 GHz was used for fast and easy detection. An electromagnetic measurement simulation environment was created using CST Microwave Studio�, where the anatomy of the tibial bone tissue�including bone marrow, spongy bone, and cortical bone�was represented in detail through precise geometry. Comparative simulation results were obtained for antenna array methods with the proposed antenna, allowing for rapid and highly accurate detection of bone fractures, and its effectiveness in fracture detection was analyzed.