Miniaturized Field Enhancement Resonator Integrated with a Local Oscillator Port for a Rydberg Atomic Superheterodyne Receiver

Rydberg atom-based receivers employing atomic superheterodyne techniques exhibit outstanding performance in sensing sensitivity, making them significant in various fields such as communications, microwave quantum technology, aerospace, medicine, and meteorology. This technique requires additional local oscillator (LO) signal. However, antennas that provide LO signals in the MHz frequency range are often quite large, lacking integration and portability in practical applications. Therefore, we propose a miniaturized local oscillator structure integrated with a field enhancement resonator to achieve high-sensitivity electric field measurement. The LO signal is fed into a square spiral resonator by a coplanar waveguide-fed monopole antenna. We investigate the three-dimensional positioning of the oscillator structure and the effects of structural parameters on the performance of the field enhancement resonator. Ultimately, we achieve optimal integration of the local oscillator and resonator for electric field enhancement in Rydberg atom-based electric field measurement.