Low-SAR Design Methods for Terminal Antenna

To reduce the effects of electromagnetic radiation from terminal antennas on human health, low specific absorption rate (SAR) design methods are proposed in this work. Utilized the mode-current control on the loop structure and metal ground, the antenna element achieves a SAR reduction of more than 65.4% while maintaining good radiation performance. In addition, a low-SAR <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{4} \times \mathbf{4}$</tex> multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) array is developed by placing the presented antenna elements with an optimized layout.