HF Communication Simulation Modeling from Qingdao, China to Tromsø, Norway

This paper uses the ionospheric models IRI2016 and NRLMSISE-00, along with the ray tracing method, to simulate the high frequency (HF) signal communication effects between Qingdao, China (36.04°N, 120.2°E), and Tromsø, Norway (69.65°N, 18.95°E). The results show that HF signal communication technology can satisfy the communication requirements over a distance of 6,700 km between China and the polar region. However, HF signal communication in the polar region experiences severe multipath effects, leading to significant signal attenuation. This study is conducted in conjunction with propagation engineering technical issues, employing a specific ionospheric model, and demonstrates the application of three-dimensional ray tracing in certain propagation engineering scenarios.