Laboratory Assessment of High-Power Ultrasonic Tools for Well Stimulation and Drilling Operations

ABSTRACT: This proof of concept study explores ultrasound technology applications in the oil and gas industry, focusing on its impact on permeability in core samples damaged by drilling fluids and its ability to break down drill cuttings. Laboratory experiments utilized a 20 kHz sonotrode to assess the effects of ultrasound power (500 and 1,000W) and exposure times (25 and 45 minutes) on tight sandstone cores. Initial permeability was measured before inducing drilling fluid damage, followed by ultrasound treatment. Post-treatment permeability results indicated significant permeability recovery of up to 40%, with enhancements exceeding initial rock permeability by up to 12%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed reduced deposits in pore throats, confirming treatment effectiveness. A notable shift in particle size distribution (PSD) of up to 14% was observed at 1,000W, indicating partial breakdown of drill cuttings, while no changes occurred at 500W. Computed tomography (CT) scans showed no induced micro-fractures. This study supports the potential use of ultrasound for stimulating low permeability reservoirs and improving hole cleaning during drilling operations. 1. INTRODUCTION As the oil and gas industry moves towards more sustainable solutions in drilling operations and optimizing production of hydrocarbons, it still faces significant challenges when it comes to traditional techniques of chemical-based well stimulation methods that often come with substantial environmental impact and high operational cost. Drilling operations can cause formation damage due to infiltration of drilling fluids into formation rock, leading to overall lower permeability and well productivity (Mierez et al 2023). Innovative and sustainable technologies are essential to overcome these challenges related to oil and gas production. One such emerging technology is ultrasound, which offers promising solutions for various oil and gas applications due to its ability to deliver energy effectively through media with less environmental impact. Significant advancements in ultrasound applications have demonstrated over 90% enhancement in oil recovery rates while simultaneously reducing viscosity by more than 80% (Mierez et al, 2024).