Evaluation of genetic diversity of mango (Mangifera indica L.) collected from Ba Den mountain, Tay Ninh province based on Simple Sequence Repeats markers

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is a perennial fruit tree and belongs to the Anacardiaceae family. In the Ba Den Mountain area of Tay Ninh province, the ancient mango trees are intercropped with other plants in an area of about 530 ha. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of mango trees collected from the Ba Den mountain in Tay Ninh province based on Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) markers for the conservation of genetic resources. A total of 9 SSR markers were used to evaluate the genetic diversity of 30 mango cultivars. The results displayed a total of 21 amplified fragments, averaging 2.33 fragments per primer. Of these, 20 out of 21 fragments were polymorphism, resulting in a polymorphic percentage of 94.4%. Molecular sizes ranged from 200 bp to 330 bp. Cluster analysis revealed high genetic diversity among the 30 mango samples, with genetic polymorphism levels ranging from 0 to 0.43 and an average genetic polymorphic distance of 0.29. The dendrogram was divided into 3 main groups, in which group I consisted of 18 mango samples, group II included 7 samples and group III comprised 5 samples. The results achieved could be useful information in assessing genetic diversity for genetic conservation and developing mango varieties in the future.