Thermal-Mediated Synthesis of Hydantoin Derivatives from Amino Acids via Carbodiimide Reagents

Abstract We introduce an innovative methodology for synthesizing hydantoins from amino acids using readily available carbodiimides, emphasizing the crucial role of temperature in the reaction process. This approach presents significant advantages over conventional methods involving isocyanates, facilitating easier handling and minimizing associated risks. Our strategy not only allows for the efficient production of a diverse array of hydantoin derivatives but also adheres to environmentally sustainable practices. The optimized reaction conditions enhance efficiency, marking a significant advancement in the field of organic synthesis. This method presents significant advantages for industrial applications, as it is a heat-mediated process that does not require the use of any bases or catalysts. By eliminating the need for additional reagents, this approach simplifies the reaction conditions, reduces potential side reactions, and minimizes the overall environmental impact. Additionally, the absence of catalysts streamlines the purification process, making it more cost-effective and efficient for large-scale production.