Association between drinking patterns and diabetic kidney disease in United States adults: a cross-sectional study based on data from NHANES 1999–2016

This study highlights the importance of drinking behavior in the management of diabetic kidney disease. Daily alcohol consumption was associated with an increased risk of DKD, whereas moderate alcohol consumption was associated with a reduced risk. These findings suggest that moderate drinking frequency may not exacerbate renal burden in individuals with diabetes and provide new perspectives for clinical interventions.