WEEDS GERMINATING ABILITY AND GERMINATION NATURE IN CONNECTION WITH THEIR BIOMORPH

The purpose of research is to study the germinating ability and nature of germination of weed seeds in connection with their biomorph. The study was carried out in the Botanical Garden of the Institute for Biological Problems of Permafrost, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, located in the in the neighborhood of Yakutsk city within Central Yakutia. The object of the study is the seeds of 38 weed species in the neighborhood of Yakutsk city. Seed collection was carried out in the phase of full maturity. Seeds were stored in paper bags at room temperature 18–24 °C. Seed germination conditions: temperature 22–24 °C and natural light. The experiments were carried out in Petri dishes (diameter 9 cm), in 4 replications, 100 pieces each on filter paper without pretreatment. Germinated seeds were counted daily from the beginning to the end of germination. Seeds with high (70–100 %), medium (40–69 %), and low (1–39 %) laboratory germination were identified. The study of seed germination was carried out in two terms – freshly harvested and after 6 months of storage. Freshly harvested seeds were placed for germination on the day of collection. The study was carried out in accordance with standard methods for seed germination. Different biomorphs had their own character of seed germination. Annuals were characterized by delayed germination of freshly harvested seeds and rapid germination after 5–6 months of storage at room conditions. Biennials and taproots were characterized by high germination and rapid germination of both freshly harvested seeds and after storage. Short-rhizome and soddy plants were characterized by high seed germination and extended germination. Freshly harvested and stored seeds of long-rhizome plants began to germinate within the first week, the germination period is extended, laboratory germination is ambiguous. Freshly harvested seeds of rhizomatous grasses were at rest, the seeds began to germinate slowly and extended after storage, their germination rate was low. Germination of seeds of the only creeping species Potentilla anserina in the experiment was carried out according to the type of germination of seeds of annuals.