Early Diagnosis of Cesarean Site Ectopic Pregnancy: The Critical Role of Ultrasound in Preventing Complication

Cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy (CSP) is a rare type of ectopic pregnancy where the embryo implants on the cesarean scar from a prior surgery. We present a case of a 34-year-old woman, gravida 6, para 5, with history of five previous cesarean sections and uncontrolled type 2 diabetes. She presented with 8 weeks and 3 days of amenorrhea. Transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound confirmed a viable gestation implanted in the anterior part of the lower uterine segment, within the cesarean scar region. Subsequently, laparotomy for excision of ectopic pregnancy was done. Gestational sac adherent to previous uterine scar was removed with all its membranes. Histopathology report confirmed the product of conception. Early diagnosis of cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy (CSP) via ultrasound is vital. Recognizing a gestational sac in the lower uterine segment helps guide timely treatment and prevent serious complications. Key Words: Cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy (CSP), ultrasound diagnosis, laparotomy.