Potential applications of POSS-based fluorescent materials in fingerprint developments

Latent fingerprint (LF) visualization remains a critical and challenging technique in criminal investigations, security surveillance, and forensic science, primarily due to limitations in sensitivity, contrast, and reliability. Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS)-based materials have promoted this field by leveraging their nanoscale architecture, customizable fluorescence properties, and exceptional photostability. This review paper has provided a comprehensive analysis of the structural characteristics and functionalized strategies of POSS, which emphasized their integration with organosilicon fluorescent materials for high-performance fingerprint visualization. Furthermore, the potential application of POSS composites, including enhanced detection sensitivity, substrate adaptability, and environmental resilience, has been systematically explored. Finally, this review paper has highlighted future research directions, such as improving material sustainability, optimizing cost-effectiveness, and fostering interdisciplinary innovation, which has bridged laboratory advances with practical forensic applications.