Urolithiasis in pregnancy

Renal stones are relatively rare1 during pregnancy. However, they are second most common cause of abdominal pain in pregnant women after urinary tract infection (UTI)1. Incidence is comparable to that of non-pregnant female population. Calcium phosphate stones are the common stones found in pregnancy. Renal stones can cause significant morbidity and mortality to mother and fetus. Management of urolithiasis in pregnancy is challenging. It can be difficult to differentiate between physiological and pathological changes, and diagnostic tests and treatment options are limited. Clinical care of the woman needs to be optimized while balancing potential risks to the fetus and pregnancy. While more than half of patients can be managed conservatively, around 40% needs active surgical management.