Spatial analysis of traffic accidents using geographic information systems: case study of the wilaya of Sétif (Algeria)

The road network of the wilaya of Sétif is facing problems with congestion and intense traffic, which calls for special attention to traffic detection. The aim of this study is to highlight the capabilities of GIS to identify areas where road accidents are frequent, to analyze their causes, and to guide the efforts of the authorities of the wilaya of Sétif to resolve this situation. Thus, we propose solutions and measures to improve road planning and effective traffic management. The spatial analysis of the phenomenon, which is based on a quantitative and descriptive analysis method using GIS, reveals that the national roads are the most exposed to road accidents, with an incidence of 56.69%, or 257 injuries and 35 total deaths for the year of 2022. This type of road network is heavily utilized, and the current statistical analysis of 515 accidents, compared to the years 2021 and 2020, shows an improving trend, which is worrying. The results highlight the urgent need for targeted interventions and strategic planning to improve road safety in the region. By using GIS technology, authorities can not only identify high-risk areas, but also develop data-driven policies that focus on infrastructure improvements and effective traffic management strategies to reduce the increase in accidents.