Factors Associated with the Quality of Life and Needs of Hemodialysis Patients in Saudi Arabia: A Basis for Improved Care

<i>Background and Objectives</i>: End-stage renal disease threatens individuals' quality of life (QoL) and has a substantial influence on their daily lives. While several studies have explored the QoL of hemodialysis patients, none have comprehensively examined the relationship between patient QoL and their specific needs as well as the factors that predict these outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the intricate relationship and predictive factors between QoL and the needs of hemodialysis patients, serving as a foundational step toward enhancing their care. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: This cross-sectional study included 222 patients undergoing hemodialysis for ESRD between January and March 2023. Data were gathered through structured interviews utilizing the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF, and questionnaires were needed. To assess intergroup differences, <i>t</i>-tests and ANOVA were employed, while multiple linear regression and correlation coefficients were used to unveil predictive associations. <i>Results</i>: Our findings revealed that the majority of patients interviewed expressed satisfaction with their health and reported high QoL. Predictors of higher QoL included being under 60 years of age, married, strong familial support, and a body mass index < 30 kg/m². Conversely, living alone has emerged as a predictor of diminished QoL. Moreover, middle-aged patients who were married and had a normal BMI were identified as having lower needs. <i>Conclusions</i>: A discernible association was observed between higher QoL and reduced need among hemodialysis patients. This study offers valuable insights into the multifaceted factors influencing the QoL and needs of these patients, offering guidance for enhancing patient care and ultimately improving their overall QoL.