Study of IFN-γ gene polymorphism and susceptibility to diabetes type 1 in Egyptian children

Type 1 diabetes T1D is an autoimmune disease resulting from progressive T-cell-mediated, selective destruction of beta cells in the pancreas. Our study aimed to identify the association between IFN-γ gene polymorphism and susceptibility to TID in Egyptian children. This study included 100 Egyptian children with TID and 100 healthy controls. DNA was genotyped for IFN-γ (+874T/A) variant using the (T-ARMS-PCR) approach.This study found that the presence of the rare alleles of the IFN-γ gene in combination either in homozygous or heterozygous forms was not significant in Egyptian cases with type 1 diabetes compared to controls, there was no relationship between the INFG (+874T/A) gene polymorphism and T1D patients' age, gender, weight, height, and body mass index .No significant difference between the blood pH of D1T cases and the presence of INFG (+874T/A) genotypes Similarly, no further features were associated with the partial pressure of CO2 in arterial blood (pCO2) or blood (HCO3-) bicarbonate levels. There is a significant difference between the random blood sugar (RBS) level of the T1D cases and the presence of INFG (+874T/A) genotypes but no significant difference in hemoglobin A1c percent (HbA1c). No significant difference in blood thyroid function hormones T3, T4, TSH, also the blood creatinine and urea levels of T1D. Our finding indicated a non-significant association between the presence of the rare alleles of IFN-γ gene polymorphism and susceptibility to diabetes type 1 in Egyptian children.