Primary multiple non-hereditary malignant neoplasms

Multiple primary malignant tumors are independent occurrence and development of two or more neoplasms in one patient. In this case, not only different organs of different systems can be affected, but also paired organs, as well as one organ multicentrically. Carcinogenesis is based on a multistage process of changes, malignant transformation and progression, which includes DNA damage and dysfunction of the immune system. Damage to certain parts of genes involved in mitosis, cell death or DNA repair is reflected in an increase in the mutation load. After accumulation of a sufficient number of mutations, control over cell function is disrupted, which leads to the development of cancer. In recent years, an increase in the frequency of multiple primary neoplasms has been noted. The review presents the main risk factors that to one degree or another affect the development of polyneoplasia. Keywords: multiple primary malignant neoplasms, polyneoplasia, risk factors