20-րդ դարի մոդեռնիստական և պոստմոդեռնիստական գրականության էկզիստենցիալ մեկնաբանությունները

The modernist individual is seen as a Creator, shaping their own existence through actions and perceptions, facing the following dilemma of Western thought: despite the absurdity and meaninglessness of life, humans possess unfettered freedom to act. Everything is meaningless, but through the prism of death, a new creation begins, marked by the humanistic courage to act and create in meaninglessness. As Voltaire said: “If God did not exist, it would be necessary to invent him. Religion is secondary but necessary: people need guidance.” The model of original sin in the light of modernism is transformed into an “accepted, reconciled” model of thinking, where action loses its significance. This aligns with the general characteristics of characters in modernist literature, for the character here is a movement of thought, therefore the sin they commit is also simply a movement of thought. At the same time, the symbol of the "Tree of Knowledge" is an attempt to combine the symbolism of Frazer's "Golden Bough" and the "Tree of Life", which blurs the boundaries between past and present, accomplished and unfinished, showing the paradox of a modern character who is everywhere and nowhere, and their very existence, depends on the acknowledgment of sin.