Analysis of Extreme rainfall in the direction of humidity and drought in Sulaimani province using metrological indicators

This study was conducted on extreme rainfall in Sulaimani province, in both moist and dry directions, relying on the ETCCDI method, utilizing sophisticated software (R-4.2.0) and capturing time series data for seven weather stations (Dukan, Chawarta, Penjwen, Sulaimani, Bazian, Chamchamal, Darbandikhan). After data quality control, the extreme rainfall onset was limited. The value differed across stations due to their position and natural structure in terms of height, land area, and water area. Very wet days were also identified and the most important drought index was used to determine the direction of the drought. The most important meteorological indices of drought used, such as the SPEI.The goal of this study is to understand the hydrological situation and efficient management of water resources in the region, reduce the negative effects of the drought phenomenon and engage in appropriate planning.