Cognitive decline during Rajonivrutti (Menopause) and the role of Mudga (Vigna radiata L.) in neuroprotection

Perimenopause is the midlife transition state that encompasses reproductive senescence with the manifestation of several associated symptoms and is an important period in the neuroadaptive landscape of the aging female brain. These are the estrogen-regulated neuro-endocrinal systems, including sleep patterns and circadian rhythm, thermoregulation, cognition, memory, etc. Estrogen, with its functioning beyond that of a female sex hormone, is the master regulator of brain energy metabolism through the estrogen receptor network. The hypometabolic state of the brain in women during the menopausal transition adds to the cognitive decline due to aging. Hence, perimenopause renders women in a critical window period for pathological cognitive decline. Ayurveda is the science of life that adheres to its two root concepts: maintenance of health for an able-bodied person and pacification for the diseased one. For the maintenance of well-being, dietetics plays a major role, as advocated by the relevance of Pathya in various Samhitha. Rajonivrutti (menopause) is a Swabhavika Vyadhi with the predominance of Vata dosha manifested as disruption in the body's internal homeostasis in a woman that affects both physically and psychologically. Mudga is the dietary supplement mentioned in Nithyasevani Ahara dravya by Acharya Charaka. It can potentially reduce cognitive decline during this transition due to its rich phytoestrogen content,anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties.