The use of botulinum toxin in ophthalmology

Introduction: Botulinum toxin is an exotoxin produced by the anaerobic bacteria Clostridium botulinum. It is one of the most potent neurotoxins known and used in medicine. Its versatile use covers various fields of medicine, including ophthalmology. Aim: The purpose of this article is to discuss the current indications and potential uses of botulinum toxin in ophthalmology. State of the art brief: Botulinum toxin is widely used in ophthalmology for both therapeutic and aesthetic purposes. Thanks to its mechanism of action of inhibiting the release of acetylcholine, it leads to muscle paresis and inhibition of the function of the exocrine glands. This makes it effective in treating such conditions as, for example, strabismus, nystagmus, epiphora, and eyelid spasm. On the other hand, in aesthetic medicine it is used to reduce , "crow's feet". Conclusions: The properties of botulinum toxin make it a beneficial therapeutic tool used in ophthalmology. Studies show its effectiveness in treating various ocular muscle dysfunctions and excessive tearing.