TRANSLATION OF M. ZHUMABAYEV'S POEM “HOMELAND”: LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL ASPECTS

This article examines the artistic and expressive elements of M. Zhumabayev's poem “Homeland” and their translations into Russian and Turkish from both linguistic and cultural perspectives. Artistic and expressive elements are crucial for the 'embellishment' of any literary work, encapsulating the author's distinctive style. These elements, whether explicitly or implicitly meaningful, hold significant potential for impacting the reader, posing a substantial challenge for translators aiming to maintain the original's level of artistry. M. Zhumabayev's poetry is a treasured component of Kazakh literature, frequently translated into various languages worldwide. Despite this, translation quality and constructive criticism have yet to converge into systematic research. This article aims to identify the artistic and expressive means in Zhumabayev's “Homeland”, interpret their functional and cognitive roles, and conduct a comparative semantic and structural analysis of two Russian translations and two Turkish translations, highlighting differences. The research methodology is grounded in contemporary translation studies. Through this analysis, the article examines the translation methods and strategies employed in rendering the poem from Kazakh into Russian and Turkish, assesses their impact on the original work, explores the pros and cons of each approach, and considers how the translator's gender identity might influence the translation. Finally, it articulates general principles of poetic translation.