High CMRR Bulk-Driven Difference Amplifier-Based Single-Ended OTA

The growing requirement for efficient and high-performance analog circuitry arises from the rising demand for portable and wearable medical devices. This research focuses on creating, advancing, and applying power-efficient Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) Operational Transconductance Amplifiers (OTAs) for biological applications. By using 180 nm technology, a single-ended OTA based on a bulk-driven difference amplifier strategy is designed which has a high CMRR of 93 dB with a gain of 56 dB at 1 V. Additionally, this article explores the effect of DC bias and load capacitance on the key parameters of proposed OTA.