Effects of Climate Change on Land Use and Agriculture: A Study of Patna Planning Area

Agriculture is the most vulnerable to climate change, due to its huge size and sensitivity to weather parameters, causing huge economic impacts (Malhi et. al, 2021). During the past 140 years, India has experienced remarkable land use and land-cover changes including deforestation, cropland changes, and urban expansion (Roy et al., 2015; Tian et al., 2014). The changes in climatic events such as temperature and rainfall significantly affect the yield of crops. The effect of rising temperatures, precipitation variation, and CO2 fertilisation varies according to the crop, location, and magnitude of change in the parameters. The temperature increase reduces the yield, while the precipitation increase will likely offset or reduce the impact of increasing temperature (Mendelsohn, 2009). The past few decades indicate that significant global climate changes were triggered by countless local changes resulting from enhanced human activities that altered the composition of the worldwide atmosphere (Karimi et. al, 2018). This paper reviews the information collected through the literature regarding the issue of climate change, its possible causes, and its impact on the agriculture sector as an influence on the physiological and metabolic activities of plants, and its potential and reported implications for growth and plant productivity. The study reveals that the nature of land and land use is dynamic and the surroundings of agricultural land are also changing with the invasion of different types of construction. Traditional farming is practised in the study area by the common farmers and they lack an understanding behaviour of climate.