Ecological and geochemical assessment of the accumulation and migration of heavy metals in the soil of intensive vineyards of different ages in the conditions of the eroded landscape of the Southern Coastal zone of Crimea

The article presents data on the accumulation of copper, zinc, lead, manganese and chromium in brown typical light clay soil and migration along the slope in two intensive vineyards aged 38 and 6 years, grown in the conditions of the eroded landscape of the Southern coast of Crimea. The research results showed that the gross copper content in the soil of a vineyard aged 38 years ranged from 113 to 140 mg/ kg exceeding the approximate permissible concentration of this element by 1.5 – 6.1%, in the soil of a vineyard aged 6 years – from 68 to 88 mg/ kg without exceeding the established regulatory values. On average, the content of mobile forms of copper in the soil of a 38-year-old vineyard turned out to be 2.5 times higher than that of a 6-year-old vineyard, and for both ampelocenoses exceeded the maximum permissible concentration by 1.2 – 4.1 times. Of all the metals studied, only copper had a clark concentration in the soil of 2.5 – 5.2 due to its significant agrogenic contribution with copper-containing fungicides, whereas for zinc, lead, manganese and chromium, the clark concentration was either close to the lithospheric level, or the elements were dispersed. Sublateral migration of both gross copper and, in particular, its mobile forms with accumulation of average strength (the coefficient of lateral differentiation was 1.08 – 1.49) in the transeluvial and transaccumulative parts of the slope has been established in the soil of the transitional elements of the slope of the age vineyard. Keywords: COPPER, BROWN TYPICAL SOIL, PESTICIDES, AMPELOCENOSIS, ACCUMULATION, SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY, SLOPE, SOUTHERN COAST OF CRIMEA