Synthesis and characterization of Znbased ceramic particles with controlled morphology

The hydrothermal synthesis of oxide particles is a versatile approach for obtaining materials with various morphologies and specific properties, which makes it promising in many fields of science and technology. This work aims to investigate the effect of alloying additives, such as titanium dioxide and silica, on the surface morphology of particles, their crystallinity, as well as on the optical and surface properties of the synthesized materials. The objective of the study was to investigate how these additives affect the process of particle formation during hydrothermal synthesis and their subsequent functionality. To achieve this goal, several methods were used, including X­ray diffraction to determine the crystallinity of the particles, scanning electron microscopy to analyze the surface morphology, and photoluminescence to assess the surface activity of the resulting materials. The thermodynamic calculation confirmed the effect of alloying additives on the formation of oxide particles and also allowed us to assess their influence on the stability of the obtained structures. The results of the study showed that the introduction of titanium dioxide and silica significantly reduces the aggregation of particles, which allows to obtain more homogeneous materials with improved properties. In particular, the use of titanium dioxide significantly increased the surface activity and photoactivity of the resulting material. This was confirmed by analyzing light absorption in the ultraviolet and visible regions of the spectrum, where an increase in absorption intensity was observed, indicating the prospects of using this material in applications requiring high hydrophilicity and a developed specific surface area. Thus, the obtained results confirm the effectiveness of the approach used to synthesize oxide particles with the desired properties. The used method of hydrothermal synthesis, supplemented with alloying additives, allows not only to control the morphology and crystallinity of the obtained particles but also to significantly improve their functional characteristics. This opens up new opportunities for creating materials with improved performance properties for various industries, including catalysis, sensors, and other technological processes requiring high surface activity.