Grain economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan: trends and mechanisms of improvement

The main role in solving the food issue belongs to grain farming, as it predetermines the situation in other sectors of agro-industrial complex, especially in animal husbandry. Grain production in Kazakhstan is a strategic industry that provides food security of the country. Development of domestic grain complex is determined by the interaction of the system of economic, organizational, technical and technological and other internal and external factors that influence the state of the grain market. At present, the grain-product sphere functions in new economic conditions conditioned by the setting of strategic objectives of integration associations. The Republic by virtue of its natural and other resources is a large producer of grain, which has high food and fodder qualities, the possibility of long-term storage and preservation of quality, which allows to form insurance and reserve funds, serves as the main raw material for food and processing industry, a source of income of agricultural producers. The aim is to analyze a complex multifunctional system of grain farming, including a wide range of national economic functions, requiring priority attention from the state. Recommendations aimed at strengthening this agrarian segment are developed. Methods - comparative and system analysis were used in comparing entrepreneurial structures in order to identify their similarities and differences. Results - it is shown that the complex of problems of production of cereals and their processed products covers the entire value chain, attracting significant investments. Innovation activity, innovations in breeding and seed production of grain crops, mechanization, land reclamation, transport infrastructure, consolidation of interconnections between economic entities allow to create specialized grain zones. Conclusions - the factors of further increasing the potential of the grain complex, contributing to the stable activity of the cereal market, strengthening the position of Kazakh grain at the world level are summarized.