Research on Optimization and Scheduling of MPTCP Data Networks in GNSS Network Reference Stations

The Global Navigation Satellite System Network Reference Stations (GNSS-NRS) are pivotal in modern po-sitioning and navigation applications. However, GNSS-NRS face significant communication challenges, including instability during rapid user movement and inconsistent coverage by different operators, which often results in data transmission interruptions and delays. Moreover, the conventional Multipath Transmission Control Protocol (MPTCP) scheduling strategy does not accommodate the diversity of the data types managed by GNSS-NRS. This default approach treats all data uniformly, even under deteriorating network conditions. To overcome these limitations, this paper introduces a ‘Multiple Reception’ strategy based on MPTCP that ensures timely and reliable GNSS data transmission. This novel strategy differentiates between observational and control data based on their real-time criticality and applies tailored transmission techniques. Under adverse conditions, it utilizes multiple transmission paths and selectively receives control data, thus prioritizing the transfer of critical information. We conducted simulation experiments using MiniNet to compare the ‘Multiple Reception’ method against conventional and redundant strategies, demonstrating that it significantly reduces data loss rates in GNSS-NRS.