Low-Latency and Energy-Efficient Task Scheduling for End-Edge-Cloud Collaborative Computing

Mobile edge computing (MEC) is a new paradigm that improves the quality of service compared with traditional cloud computing. In MEC, computational tasks are submitted by numerous end users and are partially offloaded to edge servers or a central cloud. However, the characteristics of tasks are different from each other, and the limited resources of computational nodes are also heterogeneous, which brings great challenges to computation offloading and resource allocation for MEC. This work establishes an end-edge-cloud collaborative computing network, which consists of end devices, edge servers, and a central cloud. Task execution location and CPU running frequency determine the execution time and energy consumption to finish the tasks. Considering the aforementioned factors, a multi-objective constrained optimization problem is formulated. To solve the problem, an improved Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) with self-adaptive crossover and mutation rates is proposed, which is called Improved NSGA-II with _Self-adaptive Crossover and Mutation (INSCM). The total execution time and energy consumption can be jointly minimized with our proposed INSCM. Numerous experiments are carried out to test the performance of INSCM. Simulation results show that INSCM effectively improves the performance of NSGA-II and surpasses random offloading and NSGA-III, which shows practical use in real-life scenarios.