Investigation and management of iliac artery endofibrosis

Abstract Iliac artery endofibrosis (IAE) is a nonatherosclerotic vascular condition characterized by subintimal fibrosis of the external iliac artery (EIA). It typically affects young otherwise healthy endurance athletes, especially competitive cyclists. It causes claudication during intense sporting activities. IAE is also known as cyclist’s iliac syndrome, external iliac artery endofibrosis, iliac artery compression, iliac artery syndrome, and iliac outlet syndrome. IAE is relatively rare and perhaps underrecognized. This article reviews current knowledge of the clinical features, diagnostic investigations, and management options for IAE to help multidisciplinary healthcare professionals familiarize themselves with this condition.