Impact of Sodium Intake, Stress and Obesity in Pregnant Mothers on Incidence of Hypertension in Pregnancy with Path Analysis

The incidence of hypertension in pregnancy is influenced by several factors, including maternal age, sodium intake, primigravid stress, nulliparity, and increased body mass index (BMI)/obesity. This study aimed to analyze the effect of nutritional intake, sodium, stress, and obesity in pregnant women on the incidence of hypertension during pregnancy at the Kalitidu Bojonegoro Community Health Center. The research employed an observational cross-sectional method, examining the variables of nutritional intake, sodium, stress, and body obesity and their effect on pregnancy-related hypertension. The sample consisted of 86 pregnant women experiencing hypertension from a population of 109 at the Kalitidu Community Health Center during January-March 2023, selected through simple random sampling. Data collection instruments included questionnaires and maternal cohort registers. Data analysis was performed using inferential statistics, specifically chi-square and path analysis using PLS. Path analysis results indicated significant effects of three variables, with sodium nutrient intake (X1) showing a significance value of 0.000. The combined contribution of the variables X1, X2, and X3 explained 75.9% of the variance in pregnancy-induced hypertension, while the remaining 24.1% was attributed to other unstudied factors. The residual value (e2) was calculated as ?(1-0.759) = 0.4909. In conclusion, sodium nutrient intake, stress, and obesity in pregnant women are associated with the incidence of hypertension during pregnancy at the Kalitidu Community Health Center. Health workers are encouraged to provide health education on balanced nutrition during pregnancy and psychological support to manage maternal stress, ultimately promoting the health of both mothers and fetuses.