Bioprospecting of Selected Trichoderma spp. for Its Plant Growth Promoting and Biocontrol Properties

Bioprospecting for Trichoderma strains from peat soil collected at MARDI Sessang Station, Saratok, Sarawak, revealed promising candidates as plant growth-promoting microbes (PGPM) and producers of phytohormones such as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and gibberellic acid (GA3). The study aimed to identify Trichoderma strains with dual functions in biocontrol and plant growth enhancement. A total of seventeen strains were isolated and screened for their biocontrol activity against significant plant pathogens—Ralstonia solanacearum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and also their potential to produce IAA and GA3. Among the isolates, one strain exhibited strong antagonistic activity against R. solanacearum, a pathogen responsible for bacterial wilt, suggesting its potential for biocontrol applications. Additionally, two strains showed significant inhibitory effects against C. gloeosporioides, the causative agent of anthracnose. Four strains demonstrated the ability to produce IAA, an essential auxin for root development and overall plant growth promotion and two strains were identified as GA3 producers, contributing to plant growth by promoting cell elongation and germination. This study highlights the potential of Trichoderma strains from peat soils in Sarawak as valuable resources for sustainable agriculture. The dual functionality of these strains as biocontrol agents and phytohormone producers makes them promising candidates for integrated pest management (IPM) and biofertilizer development. Future research should focus on field trials and further molecular characterization to fully explore the potential of these Trichoderma isolates in enhancing crop productivity.