Conditions for the Formation of Landslides in the Territory of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic

The presented article investigates the geographical distribution, types, driving forces, and moisture conditions of landslides-one of the widespread slope processes in the territory of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, using both traditional and modern remote sensing methods. The capabilities of the multizonal spectral images obtained during the study of landslides are thoroughly analyzed. Additionally, the geomorphological characteristics of landslides in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, which have not been adequately studied, are characterized, and their impact on the formation and intensification of other natural processes, particularly mudflows, is demonstrated. As a result of the research, underground waters accumulated on various slopes have been identified, and landslide-prone slopes have been classified into four categories based on the degree of moisture. This outcome enables the prediction of the likelihood of large-scale landslides and the implementation of countermeasures in specific cases. To refine the prediction of landslide occurrence, a comparative analysis of infrared (IR) images taken at different times of the same areas was conducted, revealing a high probability of active landslides in the Batabat massif, Kechili, Boyahmed, Nasirvaz, and Khurs village settlements, as well as in the Tillak and Bichenek forests, and on the eastern and southeastern slopes of the Kuku mountain within the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic.