Conceptual aspects of designing mineral powder compositions from raw materials of natural and technogenic origin

Research related to the development of the criteria for optimizing the composition of building mixtures based on mineral powders is currently still relevant and is one of the priority issues in the industry. Based on the fact that the processes of disintegration of raw material of rocks are predominantly used in preparation for its further technological processing, this paper proposes to use the parameter of the surface activity of the resulting powder system to assess the process of mechanical activation during material crushing, and to use the analog value of the Hamaker constant to optimize the composition of the mixture based on the principles of maximum dispersion interaction of powder particles. Using the example of rocks of various genetic groups of natural and technogenic origin (basalt, quartz and polymineral silica-containing sands, saponite-containing waste from the enrichment process of kimberlite ores), the algorithm for calculating the above-mentioned characteristics is shown. It has been established that with the same duration of grinding (and comparable values of the dimensional characteristics of the resulting powders), the surface activity increases in the following series: polymineral sand, quartz sand, saponite-containing material. The dispersion obtained by mechanical grinding of serpentine is characterized by the maximum dispersion interaction of the particles of the studied mineral powders (basalt, saponite-containing waste, serpentine), estimated by the values of the analog Hamaker constant.